文章编号:1005-3611(2000)03-0168-02
Self Exposure plus Response Prevention for the Patients of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
GONG Mei-en,ZHAO Geng-yuan
(The Second Affiliated Hospital,Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou 510260,China)
【Abstract】Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of behav ior therapy for patients w ith obsessive compulsive disorder.Methods:The patients w ith obsessive compulsi ve disorder were treated by self-exposure plus response prevention.R esults:Of a total of 10 patients, 8 were found to have improved with 4 showing marked impr ovement.Conclusion:Self-exposure plus response preventio n is a n effective treatment for patients suffering from obsessive compulsive disorder.
【Key words】Obsessive compulsive disorder;Self-expos ure;Response prevention
对以强迫行为为主要症状的强迫症,其行为治疗的主要方法是暴露疗法[1],继证明想象性脱敏之类的疗法疗效很差后,形成了实地暴露结合反应预防,对强迫行为的治疗取得了相当大的成功[1-2]。病人暴露到引发强迫行为的情境(暴露疗法),将出现执行强迫行为的冲动和相应的不适,如让他们执行这些行为,不适和冲动迅速减退,但这将强化强迫行为;如果要求他们控制住强迫行为,在以后三个小时内,这种冲动和不适将逐步消退(反应预防)。一般来说,暴露疗法对焦虑情绪有效,而反应预防则对控制强迫行为有效[2]。国外目前对强迫症的行为治疗越来越注重于自我暴露等自助疗法[3-4],认为病人只要有了这方面的知识,并有手册等指导如何具体去做,就可以完成治疗,取得疗效[1,3],Kirk在诊室里通过布置暴露练习“家庭作业”和向病人强调治疗是学习新的策略的一个机会而有效地治疗了60%的强迫症病人。本研究的目的是考查自我暴露疗法结合反应预防对强迫症(强迫行为)的治疗效果。
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